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Is india considered south asian- South Asia - Wikipedia
South Asia | Asia Society - Southeast Asian Countries
South Asia is the southern region of Asiawhich is defined in both geographical and ethno-cultural terms. The Amu Daryawhich rises north of the Hindu Kushforms part of the northwestern border. The geographical extent is not clear cut as systemic and foreign policy orientations of its constituents are quite asymmetrical.
The common definition of South Asia is largely inherited from the administrative boundaries of the British Raj, [36] with several exceptions.
The current territories of Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan which were the core territories of the British Empire from to also form the core territories of South Asia. By various definitions based on substantially different reasons, the British Indian Увидеть больше Territory and the Tibet Autonomous Region are included as well.
The boundaries of South Asia vary based on how the region is defined. South Asia's northern, eastern, and western boundaries vary based on definitions used, while the Indian Ocean is the southern periphery. Most of this region rests on the Indian Plate and is isolated from the rest of Asia by mountain barriers. The terms " Indian subcontinent " and "South Asia" are sometimes used interchangeably.
The use of the term Indian subcontinent began in the British Empire, and has been a term particularly common in its successors. According to Robert M. The frontier of Greater South Asia, states Cutler, between and has been geopolitically is india considered south asian to eastern Iran and western Afghanistan in the west, and in the north to northeastern Iran, northern Afghanistan, and is india considered south asian Uzbekistan.
The definitions are also varied is india considered south asian South Asian Study programmes. The history of core South Asia begins with evidence of human activity of Homo sapiensas long as 75, years ago, or with earlier hominids including Homo erectus from aboutyears ago. The Indus Valley civilizationwhich spread and flourished in the northwestern part of South Asia from c.
The Vedic period, named after the Vedic religion of the Indo-Aryans[note 6] lasted from c. Increasing urbanisation of India between and BCE, and possibly the spread of urban diseases, contributed to the rise of ascetic movements and of new ideas which challenged the orthodox Brahmanism. The Greek army led by Alexander the Great stayed in the Hindu Kush region of South Asia for several years and then later moved into the Is india considered south asian valley region.
Buddhism spread beyond south Asia, through northwest into Central Asia. The wave of raids on north Indian and western Indian kingdoms by Muslim warlords continued after Mahmud of Ghazni, plundering and looting these kingdoms. Is india considered south asian bin Tughlaq came to power inlaunched a war of expansion and the Delhi Sultanate reached it largest geographical reach over the South Asian region during is india considered south asian year rule.
Revolts against the Delhi Sultanate sprang up in many parts of South Asia during the 14th century. The Bengal Sultanate remained in power through the early 16th century. It was reconquered by the armies of the Mughal Empire.
The state religion of the Bengal Sultanate was Islam, and the region under its rule, a region that ultimately emerged as the modern nation of Bangladesh, saw a growth of a syncretic form of Islam.
Babur defeated and killed Ibrahim Lodi in the Battle of Panipat in The modern history period of South Asia, that is 16th-century onwards, witnessed the start of the Central Asian dynasty named the Mughals, with Turkish-Mongol roots and Sunni Islam theology. The Deccan is india considered south asian northeastern region of South Asia was largely under Hindu kings such as those of Vijayanagara Is india considered south asian and Ahom kingdom[] with some regions such as parts of modern Telangana and Andhra Pradesh under local Sultanates such as the Shia Islamic rulers of Golconda Sultanate.
The Mughal Empire continued its wars of expansion after Babur's death. With the fall is india considered south asian the Rajput kingdoms and Vijayanagara, its boundaries encompassed almost the entirety of the Indian subcontinent. However, this time also marked an extended period of religious persecution. Buddhist, Hindu and Sikh temples were desecrated. However, not all Muslim rulers persecuted non-Muslims.
Akbara Mughal ruler for example, sought religious tolerance and abolished jizya. After the death of Aurangzeb is india considered south asian the collapse of the Mughal Empire, which marks the beginning of modern India, in the early 18th century, is india considered south asian provided opportunities for the MarathasSikhsMysoreans and Nawabs of Bengal to exercise control over large regions of the Indian subcontinent.
British, French, Portuguese colonial interests struck treaties with these rulers and established their trading ports. Inthe Government of India initiated the partition of Bengala decision which was eventually reversed after Indian opposition.
According to Saul Cohen, early colonial era strategists treated Is india considered south asian Asia with East Asia, but in reality, the South Asia region excluding Afghanistan is a distinct geopolitical region увидеть больше from other nearby geostrategic realms, one that is geographically diverse.
It is surrounded by three water bodies — the Bay of Bengalthe Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea — and has acutely varied climate zones. The tip of the Indian Peninsula had the highest quality pearls. Most of this region is resting on the Indian Platethe northerly portion of the Indo-Australian Plateseparated from the rest of the Eurasian Plate.
The Indian Plate includes most of South Asia, forming a land mass which extends from the Himalayas into a portion of the basin under the Indian Ocean, including parts of South China and Eastern Indonesiaas well as Kunlun and Karakoram ranges, [] [] and extending up to but not including LadakhKohistanthe Hindu Kush range and Balochistan. The Indian subcontinent formerly formed part of the supercontinent Gondwanabefore rifting away during the Cretaceous period and colliding with the Eurasian Plate about 50—55 million years ago нажмите чтобы узнать больше giving birth to the Himalayan range and the Tibetan plateau.
It is the peninsular is india considered south asian south of the Himalayas and Kuen Lun mountain ranges and east of the Indus River and the Iranian Plateauextending southward into the Indian Ocean between the Arabian Sea to the southwest and the Bay of Bengal to the southeast.
The climate of this vast region varies considerably from area to area from tropical monsoon in the south to temperate in the north. The variety is influenced by not only the altitude but also by factors such as proximity to the seacoast and the seasonal impact of the monsoons. Southern parts are mostly hot in summers and receive rain during monsoon periods.
The northern belt of Indo-Gangetic plains also is hot in summer, but cooler in winter. The mountainous north is colder and receives snowfall at higher altitudes of Himalayan ranges. As the Himalayas block the north-Asian bitter cold winds, the temperatures are considerably moderate in the plains down below. For the most part, the climate of the region is called the Monsoon climate, which keeps the region humid during summer and dry during winter, and favours the cultivation of jutetea, rice, and various vegetables in this region.
South Asia is largely divided into four broad climate zones: []. South Asia depends critically on monsoon rainfall. The warmest period of the year precedes the monsoon season March to mid June. In the summer the low pressures are centered over the Indus-Gangetic Plain and high wind from the Indian Ocean blows towards the center. The monsoons are the second coolest season of the year because of high humidity and cloud covering.
The change is violent. Moderately vigorous monsoon depressions form in the Bay of Bengal and make landfall from June to September. Climate change in South Asia is causing a range of challenges including sea level risecyclonic activity, and changes in ambient temperature and precipitation patterns. This list includes dependent territories within their sovereign states including uninhabited territoriesbut does not include claims on Antarctica.
The population of South Asia is about 1. There are numerous languages in South Asia. The spoken languages of the region are largely based on geography and shared across religious boundaries, but the written script is sharply divided by religious boundaries.
TillMuslim-majority Bangladesh then known as East Pakistan also mandated only the Nastaliq script, but after that adopted regional scripts and particularly Bengali, after the Language Movement for the adoption of Bengali as the official language of the then East Pakistan.
Non-Muslims of South Asia, and some Muslims in India, on the other hand, use scripts such as those derived from Brahmi script for Indo-European languages and non-Brahmi scripts for Dravidian languages and others. The Nagari script has been the primus inter pares of the traditional South Asian scripts. The spoken language is similar, but it is written in three scripts.
The Gurmukhi and Nagari scripts are distinct but close in their structure, but the Persian Nastaliq is india considered south asian is very different. English, with British spelling, is commonly used in urban areas and is a major economic lingua franca of South Asia.
InSouth Asia had the world's largest population of Hindus[16] about million Muslims[16] over 27 million Sikhs, 35 million Christians and over 25 million Buddhists.
Indian religions are the religions that originated in the Indian subcontinent; namely HinduismJainismBuddhism and Sikhism. Later SindhBalochistanand parts of the Punjab region saw conquest by the Arab caliphates along with an influx of Muslims from Persia and Central Asia, which resulted in spread of both Shia and Sunni Islam in parts of northwestern region of South Asia. South Asia is india considered south asian home to some of the most populated urban areas in the world.
According to the edition of Demographia World Urban Areasthe region contains 8 of the world's 35 megacities urban areas over 10 million population : []. It is the fastest-growing major economy in the world and one of the world's fastest registering a growth of 7. It has the fastest GDP growth rate in Asia. It is one of the emerging and growth-leading economies of the world, and is also listed among the Next Eleven countries.
It is also one of the fastest-growing middle-income countries. According to a World Bank report indriven by a strong expansion in India, coupled with favorable oil prices, from the last quarter of South Asia became the fastest-growing region in the world [].
Bhutan, Maldives and Sri Lanka have the lowest number of people below the poverty line, with 2. India is india considered south asian lifted the most people in the region above the poverty line between andwith around million being raised from the poverty line. As of One of the key challenges in assessing the quality of education in South Asia is the vast range of contextual difference across the region, complicating any attempt to compare between countries.
Only sub-Saharan Africa had a higher rate of children not learning. Two-thirds of these children were in school, sitting in classrooms. Only 19 is india considered south asian of children attending primary and lower secondary schools attaining a minimum proficiency level in reading and mathematics. In South Asia, classrooms are teacher-centred and rote-based, while children are often subjected to corporal punishment and discrimination. While by India and Pakistan has two of the most developed and increasingly decentralised education systems, Bangladesh still had a highly centralised system, and Nepal is in a state of transition from нажмите сюда centralized to a decentralized system.
But parents are still faced with unmanageable secondary financial demands, including private tuition to make up for the inadequacies of the education system. The is india considered south asian and poorer countries in the region, like India and Bangladesh, struggle financially to get sufficient resources to sustain an education system required for their vast populations, with an added challenge of getting large numbers of out-of-school children enrolled into schools.
Children's education in the region is also adversely affected by natural and human-made crises including natural hazards, political instability, rising extremism and civil strife that makes it difficult to deliver educational services.
The precarious security situation in Afghanistan is a big barrier in rolling out education programmes on a national scale. According to UNICEF, girls face incredible hurdles to pursue their education in the region, [] while UNESCO estimated in that 24 million girls of primary-school age in the region were not receiving any formal education. With about 21 million students in universities читать далее 40 thousand colleges India had the one of is india considered south asian largest higher education systems in the world inaccounting for 86 percent of all higher-level students in South Asia.
Bangladesh two million and Pakistan 1. In Nepal thousand and Sri Lanka thousand the numbers were much smaller. Bhutan with only one university and Maldives with none hardly had between them about students in higher education in The gross enrolment ratio in ranged from about 10 percent in Pakistan and Afghanistan to above 20 percent in India, much below the global average of 31 percent.
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